Professor John Young

Emeritus Professor of Elderly Care Medicine, University of Leeds

john.young@bthft.nhs.uk

ORCID: 0000-0003-4085-9306

John Young trained at the Middlesex Hospital, University of London. He was appointed as a consultant geriatrician in Bradford, West Yorkshire, UK in 1986. He took on responsibilities as a clinical manager and developed numerous new services including an elderly care assessment unit; a stroke unit; and an ortho-geriatric unit. Research interests became embedded in the clinical work and included evaluations (mostly by RCT) of day hospitals, stroke care and intermediate care services.

In 2005 he was appointed to a new position as Head of the Academic Unit of Elderly Care & Rehabilitation, University of Leeds, Institute of Health Sciences and Bradford Institute for Health Research based at Bradford. This unit is now one of the largest elderly care applied health research units in the UK and has an established record of addressing key, clinically relevant questions in elderly care and stroke. In 2009 he was awarded the Lady Illingworth prize for “outstanding contributions” to services for older people. John was seconded to NHS England as National Clinical Director for Integration and Frail Elderly.

John retired in December 2018.

Recent Funding Awarded

Todd O, Young J, Clegg A. Optimising blood pressure management for older people with frailty.  The Dunhill Medical Trust Research Training Fellowship £192,301, 2017 (36 months)

Clegg A, Young J, Bower P, Cundill B, Farrin A, Foster M, Foy R, Hartley S, Hawkins R, Hulme C, Humphrey S, Pendleton N, Teale E, West R, Holmes J. Personalised care planning to improve quality of life for older people with Frailty. NIHR, Programme Grants for Applied Research £2,754,006; 01/09/2017-31/12/ 2022 (64 months).

Clegg A, Young J, Forster A, Farrin A, Hartley S, Hulme C, Clarke D, Wright P, Cundill B. Randomised controlled trial evaluation to determine the clinical and cost effectiveness of a Home-based exercise intervention as Extended Rehabilitation in Older people with frailty following acute illness or injury, including internal pilot and embedded process evaluation (HERO). NIHR HTA £2,038,930.19; 01/03/2017- 31/05/2021 (51 months).

Lawton R, O’Hara J, Cracknell A, Mohammed M, Watt I, Cocks K, Richardson G, Foy R, Walsh P, Birks Y, Vincent C, Young J, Wright, J. Partners at Care Transitions (PACT): Improving Patient Experience and Safety at Transitions of Care. NIHR Programme Grants for Applied Research. NIHR, Programme Grants for Applied Research£2,313,697; 01/01/2017-30/06/2022

Downs M, Woodward-Carlton B, Ballard C, Sampson E, Rait G, Gage H, Wright J, Young J, Froggatt K, Robinson L, Freemantle N, Hunter R, Nurock S, McCormack B, Baker C. Reducing rates of avoidable hospital admissions: Optimising an evidence-based intervention to improve care for Ambulatory Care Sensitive conditions in nursing homes. NIHR Programme Grant, £1,110,312; 01/03/2015-31/05/2018.

Shepperd S, Ellis G, Godfrey M, Gray A, Khanna P, Helmsley A, Young J, Stott D, Butler C, Hobbs R, Perera R, Langhorne P. Is delivering Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment (CGA) in a hospital at home setting more effective and cost-effective than delivering CGA in an inpatient setting? HS&DR Programme,£2,303,703; 01/07/2014-30/06/2018.

Teale E, Young J, Schuurmans M, Siddiqi N, Munyombwe T. Investigation of the Delirium Observation Screening Scale for the routine detection of delirium in care homes by care home staff. NIHR RfPB,£306,267; 01/05/2014-31/08/2016.

Young J, Godfrey M, Teale E, Smith A, Longo R, Gannon B, Hulme C, Enderby P, Eardley H, Holditch C, Tucker H. A study to understand and optimise community hospital care in theNHS.  NIHR HS&DR Programme, £469,393; 01/07/2014-31/10/2017.

MacLullich A, Young J, Goodacre S, Smith J, Anand A, Godfrey M, Shenkin S, Ryan T, Siddiqi N, Fox C, Hanley J, Weir C and Gray A. Development and validation of the 4AT: a new triage tool for delirium. NIHR HTA, £1,122,997.40; 01/11/2013 – 31/05/2017.

Young J, Clegg A, Nolan M, Mountain G, Teale E, Spilsbury K, Hanratty B, Noble B, Parry J Bates C, Hawkins R, Astell A, Young T. Avoiding Attendance and Admission in Long Term Conditions. Theme: Primary Care-Based Management of Frailty in Older People. NIHR CLAHRC. £1million, 01/01/2014 – 31/12/2018.

Forster A, Young J, Hewison J, House A, Hulme C, Hawkins R, Dickerson J, Richardson G, Bhakta B, Hartley S, Speed M, McKevitt C, Farrin A, Fay M, McEachan R, Foy R. Development and evaluation of strategies to provide longer-term health and social care for stroke survivors and their carers. NIHR Programme Grants for Applied Research £1,643,906, 01/10/2013 – 30/09/2018.

Fox G, MacLullich A, Penhale B, Ballard C, Poland K, Cross J, Young J, Holmes J, Sheptone L, Walmsley J, Knapp M, Sahota O, Howard R, Donell S, Jackson S, Waring J. Peri-operative Enhanced Recovery hip FracturE Care of paTiEnts with Dementia-“PERFECTED” project. NIHR Programme Grant £2million, 01/01/2013 – 01/01/2018.

Forster A, Young J, Farrin A, Johnson L, Birch K, Hulme C, Godfrey M, Keighley L, Buttle L, Graham E, Firth J, Siddiqi N, Ellard D, Lawton R. Development and preliminary testing of strategies to enhance routine physical activity in care homes. NIHR Programme Grant for Applied Research. £1,647,249, 01/05/2013 – 30/04/2017.

CIMSS programme (5th year funding). NIHR CLAHRC £2million, 01/10/2012 – 30/09/2013.

Young J, Forster A, Noonan K, Barber S, Kirby J, Speed M, Ozer S, Jones R. Investigation of screening tools for amnestic mild cognitive impairment (a-MCI). NIHR RfPB. £225,934, 03/12/2012 – 02/12/2015.

Young J, Woolley R, Godfrey M, Brooker D, Downs M, Surr C, Hoyle J, Lelliott P, McGeorge M, Manley K. A multi-site evaluation of the Person, Interactions & Environment (PIE) tool to improve person-centred care for people with dementia admitted to acute hospital wards. NIHR Health Services and Delivery Research Programme. NIHR HS&DR. £442,979, 01/02/2012 – 31/01/2015.

Downs M, Sampson E, Clare L, Young J , McCormack B, Nurock S, Woodward-Carlton B, Robinson L, Katona C, Green M, Bowman C, Wright J, Koopmans R, Ouslander J. Developing an evidenced based intervention to improve health care for, and prevent avoidable hospital admission of, older care home residents with frailty or dementia. NIHR Programme Development Grant. £94,347, 01/11/2011 – 30/07/2012.

Siddiqi N, Young J, Cheater F, Godfrey M, Forster A, Hulme C, Farrin A, Pilot trial of Stop Delirium! A complex intervention to prevent delirium in care homes for older people. NIHR RfPB, £244,877, 01/12/2011 – 30/11/2012.

Forster A, Young J, Siddiqi N, Godfrey M, Ellard D, Johnson L, Pighills A, Lawton R, Hulme C, Torgerson D, Hewitt C, Mitchell J, Birch K, Firth J. Development and testing of strategies to enhance physical activity in care homes: a feasibility study NIHR Programme Development Grant. £85,370, 01/12/2010 – 01/09/2011.

Young J, Brooker D, Brown A, Cheater F, Farrin A, Forster A, George J, Green J, Hulme C, Hurst K, Inouye S, Siddiqi N. An investigation of the Hospital elder Life Program (HELP) system of care to prevent delirium. NIHR Programme Grant. £1,949,9391, 16/12/2009 – 30/09/2015.

Forster A, Young J. Junior Research Fellowship: Realist evaluation of the LoTscare trial. The Stroke Association. £85,000 & NIHR £20,000. 01/05/2009 – 31/04/2012.

Clegg A, Young J. The Home-Based Older People’s Exercise (HOPE) Programme. An exercise programme to improve the functional status of community-dwelling frail older people. Royal College of Physicians & Dunhill Medical Trust Research Fellowship. £10,953, 01/10/09 – 31/09/2011.

Young J, Keen J, Forster A, Bamford J, McDermid J. Outcome-Driven Stroke Care: Clinical Information Management System for Stroke (CIMSS). National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR) Collaboration for Leadership In Applied Health Research and Care (CLAHRC), £1,499,919.00, 01/10/2008 – 31/09/2013.

Woolley R, Young J, Green J, Surr C, Downs M, Newell R, Brooker D. “Helping you to see this through my eyes” Developing an observational method to be used in the forthcoming national audit of care for people with dementia in hospital. The Royal College of Psychiatrists. £152,724, 15/07/2008 – 14/12/2011.

Forster A, McKevitt C, Young J, Clarke D, Farrin A, Lalit K, Smithard D. Process evaluation embedded within a randomised trial of caregiver training after stroke. NIHR RfPB, £249,633, 01/07/2008 to 31/12/2011.

Forster A, Young J, Farrin A, Kalra L, Knapp M, Nixon J, Patel A, Smithard D. A cluster randomised controlled trial of a structured training programme for caregivers of in-patients after stroke. MRC, £2,029,049, 03/07/2007- 31/08/2011.

Forster A, Young J, Bhakta B, Brady T, Farrin A, Hewison J, House A, Knapp M, Murray J, Patel A, Powell J, Steele V. Improving patient and carer centred outcomes in longer-term stroke care. NIHR £1,861,488, 01/08/2007 – 31/12/2012.

Forster A, Young J, Farrin A, Nixon J, Murray J. Stroke system of care trial: a cluster randomised trial evaluation of a patient- and carer-centred system for longer-term stroke care. The Stroke Association, £31,339, 01/06/2008 – 30/04/2012.

Stockdale R, Young J. Comparative study of a protocol to reduce delirium in medicals wards, Marjorie Warren Fellowship, Research into Ageing. £143,000. 01/11/2006 – 31/10/2008.

Recent Publications

Forster A, Godfrey M, Green J, McMaster N, Airlie J, Cundill B, Lawton R, Hawkins R, Hulme C, Birch K, Brown L, Cicero R, Crocker T, Dawkins B, Ellard D, Ellwood A, Firth J, Gallagher B, Graham L, Johnson L, Lusambili A, Marti J, McCrorie C, McLellen V, Patel I, Prashar A, Siddiqi N, Trépel D, Wheeler I, Wright A, Young J, Farrin A. Strategies to enhance routine physical activity in care home residents: the REACH research programme including a cluster feasibility RCT. Programme Grants Applied Research 2021;9(9). https://doi.org/10.3310/pgfar09090

Shepperd S, Butler C, Cradduck-Bamford A, Ellis G, Gray A, Hemsley A, Khanna P, Langhorne P, Mort S, Ramsay S, Schiff R, Stott DJ, Wilkinson A, Ly-Mee Yu, Young J. Is Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment Admission Avoidance Hospital at Home an Alternative to Hospital Admission for Older Persons? A Randomized Trial. Annals of Internal Medicine 2021. https://doi.org/10.7326/M20-5688

Young J, Green J, Godfrey M, Smith J, Cheater F, Hulme C, Collinson M, Hartley S, Anwar S, Fletcher M, Santorelli G, Meads D, Hurst K, Siddiqi N, Brooker D, Teale E, Brown A, Forster A, Farrin A, Inouye S. The Prevention of Delirium system of care for older patients admitted to hospital for emergency care: the POD research programme including feasibility RCT. Programme Grants Applied Research 2021;9(4).

Forster A, Ozer S, Crocker TF, House A, Hewison J, Roberts E, Dickerson J, Carter G, Hulme C, Fay M, Richardson G, Wright A, McKevitt C, McEachan R, Foy R, Barnard L, Moreau L, Prashar A, Clarke D, Hardicre N, Holloway I, Brindle R, Hall J, Burton L, Atkinson R, Hawkins R J, Brown L, Cornwall N, Dawkins B, Meads D, Schmitt L, Fletcher M, Speed M, Grenfell K, Hartley S, Young J, Farrin A. Longer-term health and social care strategies for stroke survivors and their carers: the LoTS2Care research programme including cluster feasibility RCT. Programme Grants for Applied Research Volume 2021;9(3).

Heaven A, Bower B, Cundill B, Farrin A, Foster M, Foy R, Hartley S, Hawkins R, Hulme C, Humphrey S, Lawton R, Parker C, Pendleton N, West R, Young J, Clegg A. Study protocol for a cluster randomised controlled feasibility trial evaluating personalised care planning for older people with frailty: PROSPER V2 27/11/18. Pilot and Feasibility Studies 2020; 6:56. doi.org/10.1186/s40814-020-00598-x

Smith J, Green J, Siddiqi N, Inouye SK, Collinson M, Farrin A, Young J. Investigation of ward fidelity to a multicomponent delirium prevention intervention during a multicentre, pragmatic, cluster randomised, controlled feasibility trial. Age Ageing 2020;49(4):648–655. https://doi.org/10.1093/ageing/afaa042

Young J, Green J, Farrin A, Collinson M, Hartley S, Smith J, Teale E, Siddiqi N, Inouye SK. A multicentre, pragmatic, cluster randomised, controlled feasibility trial of the POD system of care Age Ageing 2020; 1–8 doi: 10.1093/ageing/afaa044

Crocker TF, Brown L, Clegg A, Farley K, Franklin M, Simpkins S, Young J. Quality of life is substantially worse for community-dwelling older people living with frailty: systematic review and meta-analysis. Quality of life research 2019;28:2041–2056. doi.org/10.1007/s11136-019-02149-1

Godfrey M, Green J, Smith J, Cheater F, Inouye SK, Hurst K, Young J. Process of implementing and delivering the Prevention of Delirium system of care: a mixed method preliminary study. BMC Geriatrics 2020; 20(1)1-15. doi: 10.1186/s12877-019-1374-x

Young J, Hulme C, Smith A, Buckell J, Godfrey M, Holditch C, Grantham J, Tucker H, Enderby P, Gladman J, Teale E, Thiebaud JC. Measuring and optimising the efficiency of community hospital inpatient care for older people: the MoCHA mixed-methods study Health Services and Delivery Research 2020;8(1).

Todd OM, Wilkinson C, Hale M, Wong NL, Hall M, Sheppard JP, McManus RJ, Rockwood K, Young J, Gale CP, Clegg A. Is the association between blood pressure and mortality in older adults different with frailty? A systematic review and meta-analysis. Age Ageing 2019;48(5):627-635. doi: 10.1093/ageing/afz072

Green J, Smith J, Teale E, Collinson M, Avidan M, Schmitt E, Inouye S, Young J. Use of the Confusion Assessment Method in multicentre delirium trials: training and standardisation. BMC Geriatrics 2019;19:107. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12877-019-1129-8

Brown L, Young J, Teale E, Santorelli G, Clegg A. A Cross-Sectional Study of the Impact of Pain in Older People with Frailty: Findings from the Community Ageing Research 75+ (CARE75+) Study. Advances in Geriatric Medicine and Research 2019;1:e190002. https://doi.org/10.20900/agmr20190002

Heaven A, Brown L, Young J, Teale E, Hawkins R, Spilsbury K, Mountain G, Young T, Goodwin V, Hanratty B, Chew-Graham C, Brundle C, Mahmood F, Jacob I, Daffu-O’Reilly A, Clegg A. Community ageing research 75+ study (CARE75+): an experimental ageing and frailty research cohort. BMJ Open 2019;9(3):e026744. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2018-026744

Crocker TF, Brown L, Clegg A, Farley K, Franklin M, Simpkins S, Young J. Quality of life is substantially worse for community-dwelling older people living with frailty: systematic review and meta-analysis. Quality of life research 2019;28:2041–2056. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11136-019-02149-1

Brundle C, Heaven A, Brown L, Teale E, Young J, West R, Clegg A. Convergent validity of the electronic frailty index. Age Ageing 2019;48(1):152-156.

Parry JL, Hall PS, Young J. New horizons in systemic anti-cancer therapy in older people. Age Ageing 2018; 47: 340-348 doi.org/10.1093/ageing/afy024

Godfrey M, Young J, Shannon R, Skingley A, Woolley R, Arrojo F, Brooker D, Manley K, Surr CA. The Person, Interactions and Environment Programme to improve care of people with dementia in hospital: a multisite study. Health Services and Delivery Research 2018;6(23).

Akpan A, Roberts C, Bandeen-Roche K, Batty B, Bausewein C, Bell D, Bramley D, Bynum J, Cameron ID, Chen L, Ekdahl A, Fertig A, Gentry T, Harkes M, Haslehurst D, Hope J, Hurtado DR, Lyndon H, Lynn J, Martin M, Isden R, Raso FM, Shaibu S, Shand J, Sherrington C, Sinha S, Turner G, De Vries N, Yi GJ, Young J, Banerjee J. Standard set of health outcome measures for older persons. BMC Geriatrics 2018;18(1):36. doi: 10.1186/s12877-017-0701-3.

Teale EA, Munyombwe T, Siddiqi N, Schuurmans M , Young J. A prospective observational study to investigate utility of the Delirium Observational Screening Scale (DOSS) to detect delirium in care home residents. Age Ageing 2018;47(1):56-61

Powell C, Blighe A, Froggatt K, McCormack B, Catherine Powell, Woodward-Carlton B, Young J, Robinson L, Downs M. Family involvement in timely detection of changes in health of nursing homes residents: a qualitative exploratory study. Journal of Clinical Nursing 2018;(1-2):317-327.

Hawkins RJ, Jowett A, Godfrey M, Mellish K, Young J, Farrin A, Holloway I, Hewison J, Forster A. on Behalf of the LoTS Care Program Team. Poststroke Trajectories: The Process of Recovery Over the Longer Term Following Stroke. Global Qualitative Nursing Research 2017 (online) doi: 10.1177/2333393617730209

Shenkin SD, Fox C, Shenkin SD, Godfrey M, Siddiqi N, Goodacre S, Young J, Anand A, Gray A, Smith J, Ryan T, Hanley J, MacRaild A, Steven J, Black PL, Boyd J, Weir CJ, MacLullich AMJ. Protocol for validation of the 4AT, a rapid screening tool for delirium: a multicentre prospective diagnostic test accuracy study. BMJ Open 2017 In press

Shepperd S, Cradduck-Bamford A, Butler C, Ellis G, Godfrey M, Gray A, Hemsley A, Khanna P, Langhorne P, McCaffrey P, Mirza L, Pushpangadan M, Ramsay S, Schiff R, Stott D, Young J, Yu L. A multi-centre randomised trial to compare the effectiveness of geriatrician-led admission avoidance hospital at home versus inpatient admission. Trials 2017;18:491

Brown L, Heaven A, Young J, Clegg A. The importance of oversight in Trials within Cohorts (TwiCs): experiences from the Community Ageing Research 75+ (CARE 75+) study; The ethics of ‘Trials within Cohorts’ (TwiCs): 2nd international symposium. Trials. 2017;(S2)244.

Siddiqi N, Cheater F, Collinson M, Farrin A, Forster A, George D, Godfrey M, Graham E, Harrison J, Heaven A, Heudtlass P, Hulme C, Meads D, North C, Sturrock A, Young J. The PiTSTOP study: a feasibility cluster randomized trial of delirium prevention in care homes for older people. Age Ageing 2016;45(5):652-661.

Gladman J, Buckell J, Young J. Smith A, Hulme C, Saggu S, Godfrey M, Enderby P, Teale E, Longo R, Gannon B, Holditch C, Eardley H, Tucker H. Understanding the Models of Community Hospital rehabilitation Activity (MoCHA): a mixed method study. BMJ Open 2017;7: e010483. doi:10.1136/ bmjopen-2015-010483

Teale EA, Siddiqi N, Clegg A, Todd OM, Young J. Non-pharmacological interventions for managing delirium in hospitalised patients. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2017;(4):10 Apr 2017 DOI 10.1002/14651858.CD005995.pub2

Stott DJ, Young J. ‘Across the pond’—a response to the NICE guidelines for management of multi-morbidity in older people. Age Ageing 2017;46(3):343-345. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/ageing/afx031

Ozer S, Noonan K, Burke M, Young J, Barber S, Forster A, Jones R. An Investigation of Two Brief Cognitive Tests (M@T And TYM) For Identifying Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment (aMCI). Age Ageing 2017;46:(suppl_1), i35-i38

Fillit HM, Rockwood K, Young J. (2016). Brocklehurst’s Textbook of Geriatric Medicine and Gerontology. 8th Edition, Elsevier

Teale E, Young J, Siddiqi N, Munyombwe T, Harrison J, Schuurmanns M. Study protocol: Investigation of the Delirium Observation Screening Scale (DOSS) for the routine detection of delirium in the care home setting: a prospective cohort study. BMJ Open 2016;6:e009615 doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2015-009615.

Clegg A, Bates C, Young J, Ryan R, Nichols L, Teale E, Mohammed MA, Parry J, Marshall T Development and validation of an electronic frailty index using routine primary care electronic health record data Age Ageing 2016;45(3):353-60.

Ozer S, Noonan K, Burke M, Young J, Barber S, Forster A, Jones R. The validity of the Memory Alteration Test and the Test Your Memory test for community-based identification of amnestic mild cognitive impairment. Alzheimer’s & Dementia 2016;12(9):987-995.

Siddiqi N, Harrison JK, Clegg A, Teale EA, Young J, Taylor J, Simpkins SA. Interventions for preventing delirium in hospitalised non-ICU patients. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2016; DOI 10.1002/14651858.CD005563.pub3. Issue 3.

Ozer S, Young J, Champ C, Burke M. A systematic review of the diagnostic test accuracy of brief cognitive tests to detect amnestic mild cognitive impairment.International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry 2016.31;11:1139–1150.

Clegg A, Young J. Frailty and organization of health and social care. In:Frailty in Aging: Biological, Clinical and Social Implications. Editors: O Theou, K Rockwood. Karger2015;48:161-173.

Forster A, Young J, Chapman K, Nixon J, Patel A, Holloway I, Mellish K, Anway S, Breen R, Knapp M, Murray J, Farrin A. Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial: Clinical and Cost-Effectiveness of a System of Longer-Term Stroke Care. Stroke 2015;46: 2212-2219.

Teale E, Young J. Multicomponent delirium prevention: not as effective as NICE suggest? Age Ageing 2015;44(6):915-7.

Harrison J, Clegg A, Conroy S, Young J. Managing frailty as a long-term condition. Age Ageing 2015;44:732–735.

Clegg A, Young J. Frailty and Organization of Health and Social Care. Interdisciplinary topics in gerontology and geriatrics 2015;41:161-173.

Young, J. Supported self-management for people with frailty. Primary Care Cardiovascular Journal 2015;8(1),6-9. doi:10.3132/pccj.2015.003.

Young, J. Understanding frailty as a long-term condition. Primary Care Cardiovascular Journal 2015;8(1),2-5. doi:10.3132/pccj.2015.002.

Young, J. Care and support planning for people with frailty. Primary Care Cardiovascular Journal 2015;8(1)12-14. doi:10.3132/pccj.2015.005.

Young J, Cheater F, Collinson M, Fletcher M, Forster A, Godfrey M, Green J, Anwar S, Hartley S, Hulme C, Inouye SK, Meads D, Santorelli G, Siddiqi N, Smith J, Teale E, Farrin AJ. Prevention of delirium (POD) for older people in hospital: study protocol for a randomised controlled feasibility trial. Trials 2015, 16:340. doi:10.1186/s13063-015-0847-2.

Brown L, Forster A, Young J, Crocker T, Benham A, Langhorne P, Day Hospital Group. Medical day hospital care for older people versus alternative forms of care. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2015;6. Art. No.: CD001730. DOI:10.1002/14651858.CD001730.pub3.

Young J. Living with Frailty: a guide for primary care. British Journal of Primary Care Nursing 2015;12(1): Jan-Feb-Mar.

Young J, Gladman JRF, Forsyth D, Holditch C. The second national audit of intermediate care. Age Ageing 2015;44:182-184.

Siddiqi N, Clegg A, Simpkins SA, Young J, Holt R, Harrison JK, Taylor J. Interventions for preventing delirium in hospitalised non-ICU patients. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2015;1. Art. No.: CD005563. DOI: 10.1002/14651858. CD005563.pub2.

Forster A, Dickerson J, Melbourn A, Steadman J, Wittink M, Young J, Kalra L, Farrin A, on behalf of the TRACS trial collaboration. The development and implementation of the structured training programme for caregivers of inpatients after stroke (TRACS) intervention: The London Stroke Carers Training Course. Clinical Rehabilitation2015;29(3):211-220.

Forster A, Young J, Nixon J, Chapman K, Murray J, Patel A, Knapp M, Anwar S, Breen R, Mellish K, Holloway I, Farrin A. Protocol of a cluster randomized trial evaluation of a patient and carer-centered system of longer-term stroke care (LoTS care).International Journal of Stroke. 2015;10(2):259-63.

Clegg A,Rogers L, Young J.Diagnostic test accuracy of simple instruments for identifying frailty in community dwelling older people. Age Ageing 2015;44(1):148-152.

Clegg A,Relton C, Young J,Witham M. Improving recruitment of older people to clinical trials: use of the cohort multiple randomised controlled trial design. Age Ageing2015;44(4):547-550.

Handforth C, Clegg A,Young C, Simpkins S, Seymour MT, Selby P, Young J.The prevalence and outcomes of frailty in older cancer patients: a systematic review. Annals of Oncology 2015; 26(6):1091-1101.

Teale EA, Young J.A Patient Reported Experience Measure (PREM) for use by older people in community services. Age Ageing 2015;44(4):667-672.

Holt R, Teale EA, Mulley GP, Young J. A prospective observational study to investigate the association between abnormal hand movements and delirium in hospitalised older people. Age Ageing 2015;44(1):42-45.

Young J, Lyndon H, Bramley D. The work of NHS England in improving the outcomes of people who have frailty. Commissioning 2014;34-37.

The Service Transformation Challenge Panel (inc Young J). Bolder, Braver and Better: why we need local deals to save public services. Report to the Chief Secretary of the Treasury and the Secretary of State for Communities and Local Government. 2014.

Forster A, Mellish K, Farrin A, Bhakta B, House A, Hewison J, Murray J, Patel A, Knapp M, Breen R, Chapman K, Holloway I, Hawkins R, Shannon R, Nixon J, Jowett A, Horton M, Alvarado N, Anwar S, Tennant A, Godfrey M, Young J. Development and evaluation of interventions and tools to improve patient and carer centred outcomes in longer-term stroke care (LoTS care) and exploration of adjustment post stroke. Southampton (UK): NIHR Journals Library 2014;2(6).DOI:10.3310/pgfar02060.

Clegg A, Bates C, Young J, Teale E, Parry J. Development and validation of an electronic frailty index using existing primary care health record data. Age Ageing 2014;43(2):ii19. [Abstract].

Young J. Illsley A. Chapter 18, Excellence in Dementia Care 2e, edited by Murna Downs & Barbara Bowers. 2014; 256-270.

Smith T, Maidment I, Hebding J, Madzima T, Cheater F, Cross J, Poland F, White J, Young J, Fox C. Systematic review investigating the reporting of comorbidities and medication in randomized controlled trials of people with dementia. Age Ageing2014;43(6):868-872.

Dickerson J, Forster A, Young J, Holloway I, Walwyn R, Farrin A. Predictors of caregivers’ burden 6 months post-stroke: Data from the Training Caregivers After Stroke (TRACS) trial. International Journal of Stroke 2014;9:21.

Akunne A, Davis S, Westby M, Young J. The cost-effectiveness of multi-component interventions to prevent delirium in older people undergoing surgical repair of hip fracture. European Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery & Traumatology 2014;24:187–195.

Fox C, Smith T, Maidment I, Hebding J, Madzima T, Cheater F, Cross J, Poland F, White J, Young J.The importance of detecting and managing comorbidities in people with dementia? Age Ageing 2014;43(6):741-743.

Clegg A, Barber S, Young J, Iliffe S, Forster A. (HOPE) trial: a pilot randomised controlled trial of a home-based exercise intervention for older people with frailty. Age Ageing 2014;43(5):687-695.

Teale EA,Iliffe S, Young J.Subdural haematoma in the elderly. BMJ 2014;348:g1682.

Teale EA, Iliffe S, Young J. Subdural hematoma in elderly patients. Praxis2014;103(15):903-906.

Clegg A, Siddiqi N, Heaven A, Young J, Holt R. Interventions for preventing delirium in older people in institutional long-term care. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews2014;(1). Art. No: CD009537. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD009537.pub2.

Souza R, Gandesha A, Hood C, Chaplin R, Chaplin R, Young J, Crome P, Crawford MJ, Crawford MJ. Quality of care for people with dementia in general hospitals: National cross-sectional audit of patient assessment. Clinical Medicine, Journal of the Royal College of Physicians of London 2014;14(5):490-494.

Dickerson J, Forster A, Young J, Holloway I, Farrin A. Recruitment of stroke patients into a UK multi-centre trial of stroke rehabilitation (TRACS). International Journal of Stroke2013;8:19.

Forsyth D, Gladman J, Holditch, Young J. How have intermediate care services performed in 2013?; Health Service Journal 2013; m.hsj.co.uk/5065125.article [ONLINE] Available at: http://www.hsj.co.uk/5065125.article?WT.tsrc=Email&WT.mc_id=EditEmailStory&referrer=e67#.UqCYYNJdVHU.

Morandi A, Davis D, Taylor JK, Bellelli G, Olofsson B, Kreisel S, Teodorczuk A, Kamholz B, Hasemann W, Young J, et al. Consensus and variations in opinions on delirium care: a survey of European delirium specialists. International Psychogeriatrics2013;25(12):2067-2075.

Forster A, Dickerson J, Young J, Patel A, Kalra L, Nixon J, Smithard D, Knapp M, Holloway I, Anwar S, et al. A cluster randomised controlled trial and economic evaluation of a structured training programme for caregivers of inpatients after stroke: the TRACS trial. Health Technology Assessment Journal 2013;17(46):1-216.

Hulme CT, Willson J, Meads DM, Browne C, Young J. Generating an economic model to estimate the cost-effectiveness of a delirium prevention intervention for elderly hospitalised patients. Value Health 2013;16(3):A191.

Forster A, Dickerson J, Young J, Patel A, Kalra L, Nixon J, Smithard D, Knapp M, Holloway I, Anwar S, Farrin A. A Structured training programme for caregivers of inpatients after stroke (TRACS): a cluster randomised controlled trial and cost-effectiveness analysis. The Lancet (in press).

Holt R, Young J, Heseltine D. Effectiveness of a multi-component intervention to reduce delirium incidence in elderly care wards Age Ageing (in press).

Akunne A, Young J. The cost-effectiveness of multi-component interventions to prevent delirium in older people undergoing surgical repair of hip fracture. European Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery & Traumatology (in press). Forster A, Dickerson J, Young J, Patel A, Kalra L, Nixon J, Smithard D, Knapp M, Holloway I, Anwar S, Farrin A. A cluster randomised controlled trial and economic evaluation of a structured training programme for caregivers of in-patients after stroke (TRACS). HTA Journal (in press).

Morandi A, Davis D, Olofsson B, Teodorczuk A, Kamholz B, Hasemann W, Young J, Derooij S, Meagher D, Agar M, Trabucchi M, MacLullich A, Bellelli G. Variations in Opinions on Delirium Care: a Survey of European Delirium Specialists. International Psychogeriatrics (in press).

Crocker T, Young J, Forster A, Brown L, Ozer S, Greenwood DC. The effect of physical rehabilitation on activities of daily living in older residents of long-term care facilities: systematic review with meta-analysis. Published on line Age Ageing 2013; 0: 1–7.

Godfrey M, Smith J, Green J, Cheater F, Inouye SK, Young JB. Developing and implementing an integrated delirium prevention system of care: a theory driven, participatory research study. BMC Health Services Research 2013; 13:341.

Teale E, Young J, Dennis M, Sheldon T. Predicting Patient-Reported Stroke Outcomes: A Validation of the Six Simple Variable Prognostic Model. Published online with the citation Cerebrovasc Dis Extra 2013;3:97-102 (DOI: 10.1159/000351142).

LoTS care LUNS study team. Validation of the Longer-term Unmet Needs after Stroke (LUNS) monitoring tool: a multicentre study. Published Clin Rehabil, 2013. Article first published online: 20/06/2013 DOI: 10.1177/0269215513487082.

Forster A, Young J, Nixon J, Chapman K, Murray J, Patel A, Knapp M, Anwar S, Breen R, Mellish K, Holloway I, Farrin A . Protocol of a cluster randomized trial evaluation of a patient and carer-centered system of longer-term stroke care (LoTS care). International Journal of Stroke 2013. Article first published online: 19/02/2013 DOI: 10.1111/ijs.12038.

Clegg A, Young J, Iliffe S, Rikkert MO, Rockwood K. Frailty in elderly people. The Lancet 2013; http://medhealth.leeds.ac.uk/info/646/academic_unit_of_elderly_care_and_rehabilitation381(9868): 752-762.

Teale E, Young J, Sleigh I “A point of care electronic stroke data collection system” British Journal of Health Care Management 2013; 19(1):10-15. Slater H, Young J. A Review of Brief Cognitive Assessment Tests. Reviews in Clinical Gerontology 2013; 23(2)164-175.

Crocker T, Forster A, Young J, Brown L, Ozer S, Smith J, Green J, Hardy J, Burns E, Glidewell E, Greenwood DC. Physical rehabilitation for older people in long-term care. Cochrane Database Syst Rev CD004294 2013 (DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD004294).

Forsyth D, Carroll O, Crewe J, Young J et al. National Audit of IC Steering Group. National Audit of Intermediate Care Report. http://www.nhsbenchmarking.nhs.uk/icsurvey.aspx

Munyombwe T, Teale E, West R, Hill K, Tu YK, Young J. Impact of early disability on six month physical function after stroke: a latent profile analysis. Age Ageing 2012;41:84-84 (abstract).

Teale E, Forster A, Munyombwe T, Young J. A systematic review of case-mix adjustment models for stroke. Clin Rehabil 2012; 26(9):771-786.

Akunne A, Murthy L, Young J. Cost-effectiveness of multi-component interventions to prevent delirium in older people admitted to medical wards. Age Ageing 2012;41(3):285-291.

Clegg A, Young J, Siddiqi N. Delirium in cardiac patients: a clinical review. British Journal of Cardiac Nursing 2012; 7(3): 111-115.

Clegg A, Siddiqi N, Holt R, Young J. Interventions for preventing delirium in older people in institutional long-term care (protocol). Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2012, Issue 1. Art. No.: CD009537. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD009357.

Forster A, Young J, Nixon J, Kalra L, Smithard D, Patel A, Knapp M, Monaghan J, Breen R, Anwar S. Farrin A. A cluster randomized controlled trial of a structured training programme for caregivers of inpatients after stroke (TRACS). International Journal of Stroke 2012,7:94-99.

Clegg A, Barber S, Young J, Forster A, Iliffe S. Do home-based exercise interventions improve outcomes for frail older people? Findings from a systematic review. Reviews in Clinical Gerontology 2012 22;68-78.

Barber S, Clegg A, Young J. Is there a role for physical activity in preventing cognitive decline in people with mild cognitive impairment? Age Ageing 2012;41:5-8.

Young J, Hood C, Woolley R, Gandesha A, Souza R. Report of the National Audit of Dementia Care in General Hospitals 2011. The Healthcare Quality Improvement Partnership.

Crome P, Woolley R, Young J. Editorial: Dementia Care Deficiencies: Potential For Better Care For Patients In Hospital. Neurodegenerative Disease Management 2011;1(4): 263-266.

Young J, Meagher D, MacLullich A Cognitive assessment of older people. BMJ 2011;343:d5042

Clegg A, Young J. In-hospital delirium risk assessment, diagnosis and management: medications to avoid. Italian Journal of Medicine 2011;5:98-102.

Clegg A, Barber S, Young J, Forster A, Iliffe S. The Home-Based Older People’s Exercise (HOPE) trial: study protocol for a randomised controlled trial. BMC Trials 2011;12:143.